activation energy: minimum amount of energy required to trigger a chemical reaction
catalyst: agent that sppeds up chemical reactions
enzyme: specialized protein that catalyze the chemical reactions of a cell
substrate: specific reactant acted on by an enzyme
active site: region of an enzyme into which a particular substrate fits
Enzymes are proteins that speed up specific reactions in cells.
- necessary to weaken checmical bonds in reactant molecules <>
-provide avtivation energy: heat up the mixture of molecules because hotter molecules might collide with enough erngy to weaken bonds, but it can destroy the cell's structure
- cellular reactions depend on catalysts ( main type is the enzyme )
-can lower the energy requirement barrier for reactions to occur at cell's normal temperature
-each enzyme catalyzes a specific kind of chemical reaction
-each enzyme's shape fits the shape of specific reactant molecules
-when the substrate enters, the active site changes shape slightly to fit the substrate
-enzymes can also lower activation energy by accepting two reactant substrates into adjacent sites
-enzyme's structure and shape is also important to its function
-enzyme's shape also depends on its surrounding environment
1. Explain the role of activation energy in a reaction. How does an enzyme affect activation energy? The activation energy starts the chemical reaction and different types of activation energy weakens chemical bonds in the reactant molecules.
2. Describe how a substrate interacts with an enzyme. The substrate enters the active site and changes the shape slightly to fit in. This places certain functional groups of the active site in position to catalyze the reaction.
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