chloroplast: organelle found in some plant cells and certain unicellular organisms where photosynthesis takes place
chlorophyll: pigment that gives a chloroplast its green color; uses light energy to split water molecules during photosynthesis
stroma: thick fluid contained in the inner membrane of a chloroplast
thylakoid: disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast; site of the light reactions of photosynthesis
light reactions: chemical reactions that convert the sun's energy to chemical energy; take place in the membranes of thylakoids in the chloroplast
Calvin cycle: cycle in plants that makes sugar from carbon dioxide, H+ ions, and high-energy electrons carried by NADPH
Concept Check:
1.Draw and label a simple diagram of a chloroplast that includes the following structures: outer and inner membranes, stroma, thylakoids.
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2. What are the reactants for photosynthesis? What are the products?
The reactants for photosynthesis are light energy, carbon dioxide, and water. The products of photosynthesis are glucose and oxygen.
3. Name the two main stages of photosynthesis. How are the two stages related?
The two main stages of photosynthesis are light reactions and the Calvin cycle. The light reactions create ATP for the Calvin cycle to use the energy to make sugar.
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